Cancer treatment is very stressful experience that can overwhelm a toddler’s natural ability to cope.
The emotional trauma toddlers experience can delay healing and normal development. The negative effects on physical and mental health may last for years after treatment has ended.
Child life promotes effective coping for toddlers.
Developmental Issues
- Short attention span
- Seeks independence
- Developing language skills
- Mobility is means to learning
- Threatened by changes in routine
- Learns new skills such as walking and toilet training
Hospital Stressors
- Stranger anxiety
- Change in routine
- Unfamiliar environment
- Loss of autonomy and mobility
- Back-laying position frightens toddlers
- Separation from parent and fear of abandonment
- Respond fearfully to sudden movements or loud noises
Coping Behaviours
- Regression of recently learned developmental skills
- Clinging behaviour
- Temper tantrums
Interventions
- Encourage parent presence and participation
- Expect treatment to be resisted
- Offer choices when possible
- Provide simple explanations
- Maintain daily schedule
- Allow for motor activity
Pain Management / Comforting Techniques
- Music
- Videos
- Singing
- Bubbles
- Light up toys
- Infant Massage
- Favourite object
- Comfort Positioning
- Encouraging statements
